For the developed world the following are reasonable averages for grams of CO2 emitted per kWhr produced (Pacca and Horvath 2002; Vattenfall 2003; POST 2006):
975 gCO2/kWhr from coal 600 gCO2/kWhr from natural gas 90 gCO2/kWhr from hydro 55 gCO2/kWhr from solar 15 gCO2/kWhr from wind 15 gCO2/kWhr from nuclear
PACCA, S. and HORVATH, A., Greenhouse gas emissions from building and operating electric power plants in the upper Colorado River basin Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 3194-3200 (2002). POST, Carbon Footprint of Electricity Generation, Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, London, October 2006 Number 268 (2006). VATTENFALL, Swedish wind power plants, Vattenfall AB EPD report, Stockholm (2003).
Dr. James Conca Director of the WSCF Labs MSA Analytical Services RJ LeeGroup, Inc. Richland, WA 99352 509-373-6455 office 509-205-7541 cell jconca@rjlg.com
For the developed world the following are reasonable averages for grams of CO2 emitted per kWhr produced (Pacca and Horvath 2002; Vattenfall 2003; POST 2006):
ReplyDelete975 gCO2/kWhr from coal
600 gCO2/kWhr from natural gas
90 gCO2/kWhr from hydro
55 gCO2/kWhr from solar
15 gCO2/kWhr from wind
15 gCO2/kWhr from nuclear
PACCA, S. and HORVATH, A., Greenhouse gas emissions from building and operating electric power plants in the upper Colorado River basin Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 3194-3200 (2002).
POST, Carbon Footprint of Electricity Generation, Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, London, October 2006 Number 268 (2006).
VATTENFALL, Swedish wind power plants, Vattenfall AB EPD report, Stockholm (2003).
Dr. James Conca
Director of the WSCF Labs
MSA Analytical Services
RJ LeeGroup, Inc.
Richland, WA 99352
509-373-6455 office
509-205-7541 cell
jconca@rjlg.com